EGYPTIAN GODS:

• Ammut—crocodile goddess who devours unworthy hearts at the entrance to the Egyptian underworld
• Amun/Amun Ra—King of the Gods
• Anubis—jackal-headed god of the underworld
• Apep/Apophis—snake god who embodies chaos; Lord of Chaos; devours the sun each evening
• Bast—cat goddess
• Bes—god of luck
• Duamutef (Dua)—jackal-headed god; one of four sons of Horus; in mummification, protected the stomach
• Hapi—baboon-headed god; one of four sons of Horus; in mummification, protected the lungs
• Hathor—goddess of love
• Horus—son of Osiris and Isis; most often seen with a falcon head (but takes form of a cat in Tut: The Story of My Immortal Life); lost one eye in fight with his uncle Set
• Imsety—god (with a normal head); one of four sons of Horus; in mummification, protected the liver
• Isis—mother goddess; mother of Horus; wife of Osiris
• Khepri—dung beetle god who pushes the sun across the sky each day
• Maat—goddess of justice and truth; judges the dead at entrance to Egyptian underworld
• Nephthys—protective goddess of the dead; sister of Isis and Osiris; wife of Set; mother of Anubis
• Osiris—god of fertility, death, and the afterlife; carries a crook and flail; most often depicted green and partially mummified
• Qebehsenuef (Qeb)—falcon-headed god; one of four sons of Horus; in mummification, protected the intestines
• Ra—god of the sun
• Sekhmet—lion-headed goddess
• Set—god of chaos, storms, and infertility; brother and slayer of Osiris
• Thoth—god of writing, knowledge, and science; often has the head of an ibis

SUMERIAN GODS:

• Anu—King of the Gods
• Enlil—god of storms and wind
• Humbaba—monster from the Epic of Gilgamesh; Guardian of the Cedar Forest
• Igigi—lesser/younger gods of Mesopotamia
• Nergal—god of war and the sun

PEOPLE:

• Akhenaton—father of Tutankhamun; used to be known as Amenhotep IV; introduced monotheistic religion to Egypt which made him really unpopular
• Ay—advisor to Tutankhamun while he ruled Egypt; it is thought that Ay ruled Egypt after King Tut
• Enkidu—best friend of Gilgamesh back in ancient Sumer
• Gilgamesh (Gil)—former Sumerian king
• Horemheb—commander in chief of the Egyptian army during Tutankhamun’s reign; advisor to Tutankhamun
• Howard Carter—English archaeologist who discovered King Tut’s tomb in 1922
• Smenkhkare (Smenk)—older brother of Tutankhamun
• Tutankhamun (King Tut)—Egyptian pharaoh; often called the Boy King since he took the throne when he was only nine.

PLACES:

• Fields of the Blessed—equivalent of heaven in the Egyptian afterlife
• Valley of the Kings—valley in Egypt where over sixty tombs have been discovered, many of these for pharaohs of the Egyptian New Kingdom

THINGS:

• Ankh—ancient Egyptian symbol which represents eternal life
• Book of the Dead—ancient Egyptian funerary text containing spells to assist a dead person on their journey through the underworld and into the afterlife
• Canopic jars—jars used during mummification to hold the liver, lungs, stomach, and intestines
• Eye of Horus—ancient Egyptian symbol of protection, good health, and power



• Sarcophagus—a funeral box, often carved of stone, which formed the outer layer of protection for a mummy
• Shabti—small figures which were placed in tombs to act as servants for the dead person in the afterlife
• Sun Disk of Ra—headdress worn by the god Ra
• Tiet—ancient Egyptian symbol; often called “Knot of Isis”